NURS FPX 4900 Assessment 4 Patient Family or Population Health Problem Solution PS

  The role of nurses is high in the provision of safe quality health care to the patients, any medication error, associated poor administration or monitoring of insulin,  poor post-amputation care may lead to the readmission of the patients as well (Healy et al., 2013; Hardee et al., 2015).  The appropriate health care safe and efficient is required for the care of diabetes and its complications. The role of self-care and family-centered care is essential for better health outputs. Dietary interventions and medication compliance is required for the initial management of the disease as well as in a later stage. The psychological aspects of the disease require management from personal and family intervention (Baig et al., 2015).

Federal, local governments, and taxpayers bear the loss of diabetes expenditures. In the view of comprehensive information, the economic burden for diabetes is increasing which causes and indirect health costs which further disrupts the employers, health payers, government plans, and health care providers. The health care system is disturbed in assessing the appropriate opportunities, service delivery and provisions, medication resources, and health outcomes of the diabetics (O’Connell and Manson, 2019). 

Costs Of Diabetes Care

Diabetes and its complications make it an expensive disease. In 2017 the US estimated $327billion for the diagnosed diabetes cases.  The cost of microvascular complications is due to the hyperglycemia-induced health effects and the microvascular damage apparent in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes (Dimitrova et al., 2015). The major part of these expenses is used in the hospitalization charges and medication use (Mandel et al., 2019).  It has been proved that nonadherence to the diabetes compliance guideline increases the risk of complications and cost expenditures as well (Fukuda, H. and Mizobe, 2017). 

Diabetes also enhances individual expenses, people diagnosed with diabetes tend to incur an average of $16,750 of average medical expenses per year. The people with diagnosed diabetes have relatively higher expenses, 2.3times higher. The indirect costs of diabetes are experienced in the professional losses of the human capital. The indirect costs are reported in the form of absenteeism costs for $3.3 billion and reduce the overall productivity of the workaround $ 26.9 billion in the employment-population groups (American Diabetes Association, 2018). The prevalence of diabetes concerning the microvascular complications in a cohort study reported accounting for 30% of the secondary care costs in a total of 7% of the reported cases (Chapman et al., 2019).  The economic burden of the upper and lower end amputations has also put a load on the economic resources affected by the demographic, socio-economic, and age-related factors (Al-Thani et al., 2019). Diabetic foot ulcers cost expenses of $1 billion annually. The incidence of foot ulcers admissions is also 11 folds high in diabetes with more than 80% leading to amputations (Hicks et al., 2016).

NURS FPX 4900 Assessment 4 Patient Family or Population Health Problem Solution PS

Strategies

The strategies required to mitigate the increasing health care costs of the diabetics, and resources available along with safe, efficient, and quality of care for the patients. Reducing the rates of readmission can significantly lead to the efficiency of hospital economic resources as well. It will reduce the health care costs and burden of diseases. The risk of readmission can be reduced by inpatient education, complete guidelines of the discharge instructions, specialty care, patient and nurse coordination of care practices, and post-discharge adherence to guidelines (Rubin, 2015). In-patient diabetes care compliance has been reported to have low readmissions within 30 days of discharge, low-cost expenditures for the individual and health care system, and reduced hospital stay as well (Bansal et al., 2018).

 The Center of Medicare and Medicaid Services implements certain initiatives of avoiding readmission using a reward and penalties system to improve readmission rate to the minimum (Mandel et al., 2019). The nurse role in diabetes care can be expanded by incorporating diabetes educator’s case management. The resources establishment for the diabetes resource program can provide highly skilled and educated nurses with an evidence-based approach towards diabetes and its complications. The application of this educating strategy has been found to reduce the hospital admission rate of diabetics frequently (Drincic et al., 2017).

Role Of Policies Standards And Organizations

Diabetes self-management education (DSME) is a national program implemented to facilitate the skills, knowledge, and abilities